A digital representation comprised of numerous individual points in three-dimensional space, this data structure is commonly used to capture the geometry of physical objects or environments. Each point within the dataset is defined by its X, Y, and Z coordinates and can also include additional attributes such as color, intensity, and surface normals. A common example includes data acquired by LiDAR scanners to create detailed maps of terrain or buildings.
These digital representations are vital in various fields, enabling accurate 3D modeling, spatial analysis, and visualization. The ability to efficiently store, process, and exchange these datasets has driven technological advancements in surveying, construction, autonomous navigation, and cultural heritage preservation. Historically, storage limitations necessitated proprietary formats, but standardization efforts have led to wider adoption of more open and versatile structures.
